樂清市依客思林芝經(jīng)過幾天的整理,新的防爆小常識終于出爐了,請大家好好瀏覽,有啥問題可以隨時!,防止爆炸的產(chǎn)生必從三個必要條件來考慮，限制了其中的一個必要條件，就限制了爆炸的產(chǎn)生。在工業(yè)過程中，通常從下述三個方面著手對易燃易爆場合進(jìn)行處理：（1） 預(yù)防或大限度地降低易燃物質(zhì)泄漏的可能性；（2） 不用或盡量少用易產(chǎn)生電火花的電所元件；（3） 采取充氮氣之類的方法維持惰性狀態(tài)

一、危險場所區(qū)域劃分

    危險場所區(qū)域的含義，是對該地區(qū)實際存在危險可能性的量度，由此規(guī)定其可適用的防爆型式。電工委員會/歐洲電工委員會劃分的防爆區(qū)域為：
    0區(qū)：連續(xù)地存在危險性大于1000小時/每年的區(qū)域；
    1區(qū)：斷續(xù)地存在危險性10~1000小時/每年的區(qū)域；
    2區(qū)：事故狀態(tài)下存在的危險性0.1~10小時/每年的區(qū)域；
中劃分的有效區(qū)域和以上相同。

二、防爆標(biāo)志解析

  ①氣體組別
典 型 的
危險性
氣  體歐洲電工
標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化委員會
EN50014EC北  美
NEC500條款
CLASS1表氣中 
GB-3836-1小點燃能量
（微  焦）
乙  炔ⅡCAⅡC20
氫  氣ⅡCAⅡC20
乙  烯ⅡBCⅡB60
丙  烷ⅡADⅡA180
  注:中GB3836標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定ⅡC小點燃能量為19微焦耳,ⅡA小點燃能量為200微焦
     耳。
    氣體分組和點燃溫度,在一定環(huán)境溫度和壓力下與可燃性氣體和空氣的混合濃度有關(guān)。

  ②溫度組別（T組）
    這是與氣體點燃溫度有關(guān)的電氣設(shè)備（假定環(huán)境溫度為40℃時）的高表面溫度，點燃能量與點燃溫度無關(guān)。在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)BS5345*部分中列出了所有可燃性氣體和其組別。
高表面溫度（℃）溫度組別
 IEC79-8GB3836-1
450℃T1T1
300℃T2T2
200℃T3T3
135℃T4T4
100℃T5T5
85℃T6T6

  ③防爆標(biāo)志
    以下以CENELEC氫氣防爆標(biāo)志為例：E Ex ia ⅡC T4
E：按CENELEC標(biāo)志認(rèn)可Ex：防爆公用標(biāo)志
ia：防爆型式（本質(zhì)安全）Ⅱ：設(shè)備組別
C：氣體組別 T4：溫度組別

  ④名詞解釋

    隔爆型電氣設(shè)備（d）：是指把能點燃爆炸性混合物的部件封閉在一個外殼內(nèi)，該外殼能承受內(nèi)部爆炸性混合物的爆炸壓力并阻止和周圍的爆炸性混合物傳爆的電氣設(shè)備。

    增安型電氣設(shè)備（e）：正常運(yùn)行條件下，不會產(chǎn)生點燃爆炸性混合物的火花或危險溫度，并在結(jié)構(gòu)上采取措施，提高其安全程度， 以避免在正常和規(guī)定過載條件下出現(xiàn)點燃現(xiàn)象的電氣設(shè)備。

    本質(zhì)安全型電氣設(shè)備（i）：在正常運(yùn)行或在標(biāo)準(zhǔn)試驗條件下所產(chǎn)生的火花或熱效應(yīng)均不能點燃爆炸性混合物的電氣設(shè)備。

    無火花型電氣設(shè)備 （n）： 在正常運(yùn)行條件下不產(chǎn)生電弧或火花，也不產(chǎn)生能夠點燃周圍爆炸性混合物的高溫表面或灼熱點，且一般不會發(fā)生有點燃作用的故障的電氣設(shè)備。

    防爆特殊型（s）： 電氣設(shè)備或部件采用GB3836-83未包括的防爆型式時，由主管部門制訂暫行規(guī)定。送勞動人事部備案，并經(jīng)的鑒定單位檢驗后，按特殊電氣設(shè)備"s"型處置。

三、防爆標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及選型

  ①各種防爆型式的對應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

防爆型式在英允許
使用的場所中標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
GB3836防爆型式
符  號IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
79-CENELEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
EN50
增安型1或23e7019
本質(zhì)安全型0，1或24ia或ib11020（設(shè)備）
隔爆型d2d1018
特殊型s無s無無

  ②氣體爆炸危險場所用電氣設(shè)備防爆類型選型表

爆炸危險區(qū)域適用的防護(hù)型式
電氣設(shè)備類型符  號
0區(qū)1、本質(zhì)安全型（ia）ia
 2、其他特別為0區(qū)設(shè)計的電氣設(shè)備（特殊型）s
 1、適用于0區(qū)的防護(hù)類型 
 2、隔爆型d
 3、增安型e
1區(qū)4、本質(zhì)安全型ib
 5、充油型o
 6、正壓型p
 7、充砂型q
2區(qū)1、適用于0區(qū)或1區(qū)的防護(hù)類型 
 2、無火花型n

四、外殼防護(hù)等（IP）代碼
    （BS EN60529；1992）

  *位特征數(shù)字防止固定導(dǎo)體異物進(jìn)入
0無防護(hù)
1固定異物直徑大于50mm
2固定異物直徑大于12mm
3固定異物直徑大于2.5mm
4固定異物直徑大于1.0mm
5防塵
6塵密

  第二位特征數(shù)字防止進(jìn)水造成有害影響
0無防護(hù)
1垂直滴水
2傾角75-90°滴水
3淋水
4濺水
5噴水
6猛烈噴水
7短時間侵水
8連續(xù)侵水

舉例：IP 65即要求具有塵密及對外殼噴水有防護(hù)功能

A zoning, dangerous places

Dangerous locations of meaning, a measure of the likelihood is a real danger to the region, the provisions of the applicable explosion-proof type. International electrotechnical commission/European electrotechnical commission of explosion-proof area as follows:

0 area: continuously hazardous region of greater than 1000 hours/year;

1 area: there is risk in an intermittent 10 ~ 1000 hours/year area;

2 area: the risk of accident situation is 0.1 ~ 10 hours/year area;

Dividing the effective area of China is the same as the above.

Second, explosion-proof marks parsing

（1） gas group

Canon model

The risk

Gas electrician in Europe

Committee for standardization

EN50014EC North America

NEC500 terms

CLASS1 table in China

GB - 3836-1 minimum ignition energy

（micro）

B acetylene Ⅱ CA Ⅱ C20

Hydrogen gas Ⅱ CA Ⅱ C20

B ene Ⅱ BC Ⅱ B60

Propyl silane Ⅱ AD Ⅱ A180

Note: China GB3836 standard Ⅱ c-class 19 micro joule, minimum ignition energy Ⅱ class A minimum ignition energy of 200 micro focus

Ear.

Gas group and light temperature, in a certain environment temperature and pressure is associated with the mixed concentration of combustible gas and air.

（2） temperature group （T group）

This is related to gas ignited temperature electrical equipment （assuming the environment temperature of 40 ℃） of the surface of the highest temperature, the light energy has nothing to do with the set temperature. In the first part of the standard BS5345 lists all combustible gas and its category.

Temperature of the maximum surface temperature （℃） group

IEC79-8 gb3836-1

450 ℃ T1T1

300 ℃ T2T2

200 ℃ T3T3

135 ℃ T4T4

100 ℃ T5T5

85 ℃ T6T6

（3） explosion-proof marks

The following sign CENELEC hydrogen explosion, for example: E Ex ia Ⅱ C T4

E: approved by CENELEC logo Ex: explosion-proof public signs

Ia: explosion-proof type （intrinsically safe） Ⅱ: equipment category

C: T4 gas group: temperature classes

（4） noun explanation

Flameproof electrical equipment （d） : refers to can ignite an explosive mixture of the components are enclosed in a shell, the shell can withstand the internal pressure and prevent explosion of explosive mixture and detonating an explosive mixture around electrical equipment.

Increased safety electrical equipment （e） : under the condition of normal operation, won't produce sparks ignite an explosive mixture or dangerous temperature, and measures in the structure, to improve the safety degree, so as to avoid overload conditions prescribed by the normal and phenomenon of lighting electric equipment.

Intrinsically safe electrical equipment: （I） in normal operation or under standard test conditions spark or heat effect generated by the mixture can ignite an explosive electric equipment.

No spark type electrical equipment （n） : under the condition of normal operation does not produce electric arc or spark, also does not produce around can ignite an explosive mixture of the surface of the high temperature or hot point, and generally do not have lighting effect of failure of electrical equipment.

Explosion-proof special type （s） : electrical equipment or components the GB3836-83 not including explosion-proof type, provisional rules drawn up by the competent departments. To send labor personnel department for the record, and after identification unit designated by the test, according to the special electrical equipment "s" type.

Three, explosion-proof standards and selection

（1） all kinds of explosion-proof types of corresponding standards

Explosion-proof type allowed in the UK

Place of use Chinese standard

GB3836 explosion-proof type

Operator, IEC standard

79 - CENELEC standards

EN50

Increased safety type 1 or 23 e7019

Intrinsically safe 0, 1 or 24 ia or ib11020 （equipment）

Flameproof d2d1018

S no s no special type

（2） gas explosion for the dangerous sites with explosion-proof electrical equipment type selection table

Suitable protective type explosion danger area

Electrical equipment type descriptor

Area 0 1, intrinsically safe （ia） ia

2, other electrical equipment specially designed for zero area （special） s

1, applies to the protection type in 0

2, flameproof d

3, increase safety type e

4, intrinsically safe ib 1 area

5, oil-filled type o

6, type positive pressure p

7, sand mold filling q

2 area 1, applies to 0 area or zone 1 protection type

2, no spark, n

Four, enclosure protection class （IP） code

（BS EN60529; 1992）

The first characteristic digital fixed conductor to prevent foreign matter into the

0 no protection

1 fixed foreign body diameter greater than 50 mm

2 fixed foreign material is greater than 12 mm in diameter

3 fixed foreign material is greater than 2.5 mm in diameter

4 fixed foreign material is greater than 1.0 mm in diameter

5 dust

6 dust tight

The second characteristic Numbers to prevent harmful impacts into water

0 no protection

1 vertical drop of water

2 inclination of 75-90 ° dripping water

3 water spray

4, splashed water

Five water spray

6 heavy water spray

Contamination of water 7 a short time

Eight consecutive inundation

Example: IP 65 requiring have dust and water protection function of enclosure

意見與反饋